Asphalt-cutter



F.. v. E. BA'RDOL.

ASPHALT cuTIER,

l l APPLICMHON FILED luLY 2o, 1.91.1. l 1,337,426. Patented Apr. 20,1920. SHEETS-SHEET l.

-; ZIM'. @M3 a 44 4Z Za Z755 5 F. V". E. BARDOL.

ASPHALT CUTTER.

APPLICATION man JULY 2o. 1917-.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. V.A E. BARDUL.

ASPHALT CUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY 2o, I9I7.

1,337,426. i Patented Apr. 20,1920.

ZSHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. V. E. BARDOL.

ASPHALT CUTThR.

APPucATxoN man JULY 20.1917.

F. V. E. BARDOL.

ASPHALT CUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED ]U|.Y 20, 1917. 1,337,426. l Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

ISHEETS-SHEET 5.

33%@ IWW.

F. V. E. BARDUL.

ASPHALT GUTTER.

APPLlcA'loN FILED JULY 20K, 1917.

Patented Apr. v20, 1920.

SHEETS-SHEET 6.

F. V E. BARDOL. ASPHALT CUTTER.

. APPLICATIQN FILED IULY 20,1917. 1,337,426, Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

ISHEETS-SHEET 7.

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.llhllTED STATES PATENT GFFCE.

FRANK V. E. BARDOL, OF BUFFALO, NEVI YORK.

ASPHALT-CUTTER.

instaat.

Application led July 20, 1917.

To @ZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANK V. E. BARDOL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bullalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Asphalt-Cutters, of which thefollowing is a specification.

'F his invention relates to a machine for cutting asphalt pavementpreparatory to digging a trench in the same for receiving water or gaspipes or electric conduits and which is also adapted for cutting outimperfect patches of such pavement preparatory to repairing the same.

It is the object of this invention to produce a machine whereby thiswork' may be accomplished quickly, easily, economically and with aminimum expenditure of manual labor.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of an asphalt cutter embodying one form ofmy invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, showing some of theparts in section. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross section takenon line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. l is a vertical cross section talren on thecorrespondingly-numbered line in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a fragmentaryvertical longitudinal section taken on line 5 5, Fig. 2.- Fig. 6 is avertical cross section taken on line 6 6, Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a horizontalsection, on an enlarged scale, taken on line 7 7, Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is afragmentary vertical section, on an enlarged scale, similar to Fig. 5showing the parts in a dierent position. lig. 9 is a fragmentaryhorizontal section, on an enlarged scale, taken on line 9 9, Fig. 5.Fig. l0 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken on line lll-l0, Fig.8. Figs. 1l and l2 are fragmentary vertical transverse sections, on areduced scale, taken on the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 7.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views.

The working parts of this asphalt cutter are mounted on a wheeledcarriage or truck whereby the same may be transported from the plant orstorage place to the job where the worlr is to be done, also from onejob to another, and also along the asphalt pavement which is to be out.rFhe main frame of this carriage may be of any suitable construction butin its preferred form the same, as shown in the drawings, comprises twoSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

Serial No. 181,869.

main longitudinal beams or sills, l, l, which extend the full length ofthe machine, two outer short auxiliary sills 2, 2, arranged lengthwiseadjacent to the front ends of the main sills, two comparatively longtransverse sills 3, 3, connecting the front parts of the mainlongitudinal sills with opposite ends of the auxiliary longitudinalsills, and a plurality of short transverse sills l, il, connecting themain sills at different points in their length. The rolling support forthis frame preferably comprises two front traction wheels 5, 5, whichare comparatively large in diameter and each of which is are rangedbetween the front part of one of the main longitudinal sills l and theadjacent outer sill 2 and is mounted upon a horizontal axle 6 which isjournaled transversely in bearings on the adjacent parts of therespective main and auxiliary sills, as best shown in Figs. l, 2 and 6.Underneath the rear part of the main frame is arranged a steering wheel7 which is comparatively small in diameter and has its horizontal axleor pintle 8 journaled in bearings at the lower end of a forli 9 whichlatter is secured to the lower end of an upright steering post or shaftl0. The latter is journaled in an upright bearing on the adjacent partof the main frame and provided at itsupper end with a hand wheel 1lwhereby this shaft and the steering wheel may beturned by oneof theattendants for directing the course which the wheeled carriage or truclrshould take over the surface of the ground.

On this frame are mounted the means whereby the carriage may bepropelled either forwardly or backwardly and at different speeds fortransporting the machine from the plant to the liob and to differentplaces about the job, and also the mechanism which is adapted to cut thesurface of the asphalt.

T he means for propelling the carriage and controlling its movements maybe variously constructed, but as shown in the drawings, these elementsare preferably organised as follows:

l2 represents 'a prime mover which is mounted on the front part of themain frame of the carriage and which preferably consists of an explosionengine, although any other suitable motor may be employed for thispurpose, if desired.

On the main longitudinal driving shaft 13 of this engine is arrangeddriving sprocket wheel 14 which can either be disconnected from thisshaft or it may be coupled with the same and turned. either forwardly orbackwardly at a comparatively high speed so that the power of the enginepropels the asphalt cutter comparatively rapidly, for instance, whenshifting the machine from the plant to the job, or from one job toanother, which distances are usually very long compared with thedistance which the machine hask to travel when moving from one patch toanother or when cutting the asphalt preparatory to removing a strip ofthe same for trench work. The means whereby the driv ing sprocket wheelmay be thus disconnected from the driving shaft or connected therewithand turned either forwardly or backwardly may be of any suitablecharacter, that shown in the drawings being a well known type nowgenerally in use,l and as there shown the same is constructed asfollows:

15, 16, represent two reversing drums .arranged side by side on the maindriving shaft in rear of the driving sprocket wheel and each operativelyconnected on its inner side with the driving shaft by means ofgearingwhich is rendered operative by holding the drum against turningand also associated with other means whereby the same is coupled withthe main driving shaft f and the driving sprocket wheel. rllhe meanswhereby these two drums may be held against turning preferably comprisetwo clamping bands 17, 18, which encircle the reversing gear drums 15,16, respectively, each of these bands having one of its ends engaging astationary abutment 19 while the other end is'adapted to be moved towardand from this abutment for either tightening or loosening the respectiveband on its drum.. The tightening of these bands is effected by twohorizontal shifting rods 20, 21, whichare arranged transversely side byside below the reversing drums and guided in suitable ways 22 on theadjacent part of the main frame. Each of these rods is provided with ashifting sleeve 23 engaging with the free end of one of the clampingbands. Upon moving one or the other of these rods lengthwise forward ortoward the left from the position shown in Fig. 4, the correspondingclamping band will be tightened upon its companion reversing drum,therebyholding the latter against turning and causing the carriage to bemoved in one direction, while upon withdrawing this rod and moving theother rod forwardly, the other drum will be held against turning andcause the carriage to move in the opposite direction, but when both rodsare withdrawn then both drums are free and the carriage remains at rest.The longitudinal movement of these rods is preferably effected byimparting a rotary motion thereto which is translated into alongitudinal motion by means of rotatable cams 24, 25, secured to theserods respectively and engaging with iXed cams 26, 27 arranged on theadjacent stationary part or frame of the machine. Upon turning eitherone of these shifting rods its rotatable cam engages its inclinedsurface with that of the companion fixed cam and thereby causes this rodto move forwardly for tightening the respective clamping band on thecorresponding reversing drum. Upon turning this reversing rod in theopposite direction, its cam will recede on the respective iiXed cam andpermit this rod to be moved lengthwise in a rearward direction by aspring 28 mounted on'tliis rod between the ends of the clamping band andthereby loosen the latter and its reversing drum, as shown in Fig. 4.|The inclination of the cooperating surfaces of the two rotary cams 24,25, and their companion i'iXed cams 26, 27, are reverse to one anotherso that' upon simultaneously rotating these two rods in the sainedirection from a central position, one of'these rods will remain idleand the other will be shifted lengthwise forwardly for causing itscompanion band to grip the respective reversing drum, and uponsimultaneously turning these reversing rods in the opposite directionfrom a central position,

then the previously-active shifting rod will be idle and thepreviously-inactive shifting rod will become active and move forwardlyfor causing its` companion clamping band to engage the respectivereversing drum. But when both of these rods are in their centralposition so far as their rotative movement is concerned, they will be intheir retracted position and both clamping bands will be disengaged fromtheir companion reversing drums. The means for simultaneously turningthese shifting rods in either direction from their neutral orv centralposition may be varied but the saine preferably comprise an uprightreversing lever 29 which is pivoted at its lower end on an adjacentstationary part of the main frame, two links 30, 31 arranged sideby-side and connected at their rear ends with the reversing lever 29,`and two upright rock` arms 32, 33, connected at their lower endsrespectively with the shifting rods 20, 21 while their upper ends areconnected respectively with the front ends of the links 32, 33, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2.

34 represents a longitudinallymovable clutch sleeve mounted on the rearpart of the driving shaft 13 and adapted when moved forwardly to couplethe internal gearing of either the drum 15 or the druin- 16 with thedriving sprocket wheel 14, so that the latter will turn either forwardlyor baclrwardly depending upon whichever drum is being held againstturning by its companion clamping band. The reversing gearing shown inthe drawings is so organized that when the clutch sleeve 34 is movedforwardly while the front reversing drum 15 is held against turning,then the driving sprocket wheel and the carriage will be moved forwardlythrough the medium of the intermediate mechanism connecting the drivingsprocket wheel with the traction wheels, but when this clutch sleeve ismoved forwardly while the front reversing drum is free and the rearreversing drum 16 is held against turning by its clamping band, then thedriving sprocket wheel and the carriage will also be moved rearwardly.This forward movement of the clutch sleeve 34 may be electedby anysuitable means, but preferably by a rotatable cam sleeve 35 interposedbetween the clutch sleeve 34 and an adjacent stationary part of themachine, for instance, the rear bearing of the driving shaft, as shownin Fig. 2, This rotatable sleeve is provided on its front side with acam face 36 engaging with a cam face 37 on the rear side of the clutchsleeve 34. Upon turning the latter in one direction the coperating camsurfaces of the same and the clutch sleeve will cause one or the otherof the internal gears of the reversing drum 15, 16, to be coupled withthe driving shaft and the driving sprocket wheel, while upon turningthis cani sleeve in the opposite direction, the pressure on the clutchsleeve 34 will be released and the operative connection between theinternal gears of the reversing drums 15, 16, and the driving shaft andthe driving sprocket wheel will be removed. rlhe rotation of the camsleeve is preferably effected by means of a transverselyswingingshifting lever 3S pivoted at its lower end on the main frame andconnected with an upwardly projecting arm 39 on this cam sleeve by meansof a link 40, as best shown in Fig. 2.

Various means may be employed for transmitting motion from the drivingsprocket wheel 14 to the traction wheels of the carriage, those shown inthe drawings being suitable and comprising a differential shaft composedof two sections 41, 41, which are journaled horizontally in suitablebearings on the rear part of the main frame, two driving chains 42, 42,arranged adjacent to the outer sides of the main sills and each passingat its front turn around a large sprocket wheel 43 secured to the axleof one of the traction wheels and with its rear turn around a smallsprocket wheel 44 on the corresponding section of the differentialshaft, a longitudinal intermediate shaft 45 journaled horizontally insuitable bearings on the central part of the main frame, a driving chain46 passing with one turn around the driving sprocket wheel 14 and withits other turn around a driven sprocket wheel 4T on the front end of theintermediate shaft 45 and*v ra differential gearing arranged within acasing 4S and operatively connecting the rear end of the intermediateshaft 45 with the opposing inner ends of the differential shaftsections. This differential gearing may be of any suitable and welllknown construction and operate to transmit the motion of theintermediate shaft 45 to both traction wheels when the carriage ismoving forwardly or backwardly in a straight line but which will permitone of these traction wheels to move faster than the other when thecarriage is turning a curve or a corner. This differential gearing andalso the reversing gearing of which the drums 15, 16 and bands 17, 18,form parts are of well known construction and as the same form none ofthe new elements of this machine, it is not deemed necessary to eitherillustrate or describe the same with greater detail.

rlhe means for transmitting motion from the engine to the tractionwheels when it is desired to move the carriage either forwardly orbackwardly at a very slow rate of speed while the cutting mechanism isin operation is preferably constructed as follows:

49 represents a driving friction disk secured to the rear end of theengine shaft 13. 50 represents a transverse intermediate shaft journaledhorizontally in suitable bearings on the central part of the main frameand ha fing its axis intersecting the airis of the engine shaft. On thistransverse intermediate shaft is splined a driven friction wheel 51which has its periphery engaging with the central part of the drivingfriction wheel and which is compelled to turn with the shaft 50 butcapable of sliding lengthwise thereon so that the periphery of thedriven friction wheel may either be engaged with the central part of thedriving friction wheel or moved radially in opposite directions from theaxis of the latter and engage the latter at different distances from itsaxis. `When the driven friction wheel engages the central part of thedriving friction wheel, no motion will be communicated from the latterto the former, but when the drive friction wheel is moved away from thecenter of the driving friction wheel in one direction, then the drivenfriction wheel and the shaft upon which it is mounted will be turned inone direction, and when this driven friction wheel is moved radiallytoward the opposite side of the axis of the drivin@` friction wheel,then the driven friction wheel and the shaft upon which it is mountedwill be turned in a reverse direction. rlhe speed at which the drivenfriction wheel and shaft are turned depends upon the distance which thisdriven friction wheel is moved away from the axis of the drivingfriction wheel, thereby enabling the speed at which the carriage isbeing moved at this time to be governed according to the work to beaccomplished. The shifting of the driven friction wheel may be effectedby various means, those shown in the drawings being suitable andcomprising an upright hand lever 52 pivoted at its lower end on the mainframe so as to swing forwardly and haclrwardly, a horizontally-swingingelbow lever 53 pivoted on the main frame and having one of its armsconnected by means of a link 54 with the hand lever 52, and a shiftinglever 55 connected between its ends by means of a link 56 with the otherarm of the elbow lever and having one of its ends provided with a pin 57which engages with an annular groove 58 in the hub of the drivenfriction wheel while its opposite end is provided with a longitudinalslot 59 which receives a guide pin 60 arranged on the rear part of themain frame, as best shown in Figs. l and 2. By this means the driven'friction wheel may be moved by an attendant either into its centralposition, as shown in F ig. 2, se that the machine will remain at rest,or the driven friction wheel may be moved either in one direction or theother and at various distances from opposite sides of the axis of thedriving friction wheel, so that the carriage will be moved eitherforwardly or backwardly at the required speed.

6l represents a worm which is secured to the transverse intermediateshaft above the longitudinal intermediate shaft and 62 represents a wormwheel meshing with the underside of the worin and mounted on thelongitudinal intermediate shaft 45. A clutch is provided whereby. theworm may be coupled with the shaft Ll5 or uncoupled therefrom, whichclutch may be variously constructed but in its preferred forni the samecomprises a clutch sleeve 63 splined on the longitudinal shaft 45, so asto be compelled to turn therewith but free to move lengthwise thereonand provided on its rear side with clutch teeth or jaws 64 which areadapted to be engaged with and disengaged from corresponding clutchteeth or jaws G5 on the front side of the hub of the worin wheel.Longitudinal movement of this clutch sleeve is preferably eifected bymeans which comprises a vertically swinging clutch shifting lever havingupper and lower sections 66, 67, the lower one being ypivoted on theadjacent part of the main frame, and a fork 68 pivoted on the lowersection of this lever and engaging with a circumferential groove 69 onthis clutch sleeve. rlhis lever is yieldingly held in its rearwardposition in which the clutch sleeve is moved into its inoperativeposition by means of a spring 70 connected with the uppersection of thislever and with the adjacent part of the main frame, as shown in Figs. land 2. rEhe shifting lever is locked in its forward or operativeposition by engaging the upper section of the same with a hook orshoulder 71 on the adjacent part of the main frame. In order to permitthis clutch lever to be moved forwardly and engage with this sh oulderor hook even though the clutch sleeve 63 is so positioned that its teethare arranged edge to edge relative to those of the worm wheel, the twosections of the clutch lever are yieldingly connected and capable ofindependent swinging movement. For this purpose, the upper section 66 ispivoted on the lower section 67 by means of a pin 72 and yieldablyconnecterl therewith by means of a tension device comprising a tensionrod 73 passing through both of these lever sections and connected at itsrear end with the lower lever section, and a spring 7e surrounding thistension rod and engaging with one end against the front side of theupper lever section and at its other end against'a shoulder formed by anut 7 5 on the front end of the tension rod. Normally, this spring 74Cholds the upper and lower sections G6, 67, of this clutch lever inengagement with each other and with suiiicient rigidity so that whenthis lever is thrown forwardly while the teeth of the coupling sleeve 63are opposite the spaces between the teeth of the worm wheel, then theupper and lower sections of this shifting lever will move in unison andthe upper section of this lever may be engaged with the detent hook 7l.But when the rearward movement of this clutch sleeve is temporarilyprevented by reason of its teeth being arranged edge to edge with thoseofthe worin wheel, and the upper section of the clutch lever is at thistime moved forwardly, then the upper section of this lever will moveforwardly independently of the coinpanionlower section in order topermit of engaging the same with the hook 71. But the instant the clutchsleeve 63 is turned sufliciently by the engine to bring its teethopposite the spaces between the teeth of the worm wheel, then thetension spring 74C will also draw the lower section 67 of the clutchlever forwardly so that it bears againstthe companion upper section 66and causes the teeth of the clutch sleeve 63 to properly engage those ofthe worm wheel so as to establish a driving connection between theengine andl the traction wheels.

It will thus be noted that two systems of transmitting the motion of theengine to the traction wheels are by this means provided, one forpropelling the carriage either forwardly or backwardly at acomparatively high speed for rapidly transporting the machine longdistances and another for propeiling the machine either forwardly orbackwardl'y at a low speed such as is necessary while operating themachine for cutting asphalt.

ievfias 5.

The mechanism whereby the cutting of the asphalt is effected isconstructed as follows:

76 represents a knife, blade or ax which has a vertically-reciprocatingmovement toward and from the surface of the asphalt pavement which is tobe cut and which is preferably constructed of flat form and providedwith a convex lower cutting edge one side of which is beveled. The upperpart of this knife is constructed to form a reduced fiat shank 77whereby the same is attached to the parts which operate the same.Although the knife may be variously arranged relative to the other partsof the machine, it is preferably arranged vertically and with its flatside lengthwise of the machine and mounted in the machine adjacent tothe forward right hand corner thereof where its working effect on theasphalt can be observed by the operators and the operation of themachine regulated accordingly. IThe actual work or cutting effect of theknife is produced by a hammer-blow of the same against the pavement,this being obtained by mounting the knife on a vertically-movable weightor hammer which is raised and then permitted to drop so as to drive theknife into the asphalt. This hammer in its preferred form comprises abody 78 which is provided on-its lower part with a laterally-facing seatwhich engages with one side of the shank of the knife and a clampingplate 79 engaging with the opposite side of this shank and detachablyconnected with the body of the hammer by means of bolts 80, as shown inFigs. 5 and 6, or by any other suitable means. ln order to enable theweight of the hammer to be varied according to the desired depth of cutin the pavement, or to suit the texture or hardness of the same, thishammer may be increased or decreased in weight by placing supplementalweight sections 8l on the upper end thereof or removing the sametherefrom, as required. rlhe lifting of the hammer and the parts mountedthereon is preferably effected by means of a hoisting chain, line orcable 82 which has an upper turn passing around an upper elevated guidepulley or sheave S3 and has one of its ends connected with the hammerand its other end connected with a hoisting drum S4. ln the operation ofthe machine, the drum is temporarily connected with the engine throughintermediate driving mechanism for causing the hammer to be lifted andwhen the hammer reaches its highest position, the hoisting drum isdisconnected from its driving mechanism, thereby permitting this drum toturn backwardly and the chain to unwind rapidly therefrom and the hammerto drop quickly, so as to drive the knife with a powerful blow into theasphalt and effectively cut the same. In

order to cushion the upward jerk or pull of the hoisting chain on thehammer, a yielding connection is provided between these members whichpreferably comprises a clip 85 arranged either on the uppermost weightsection 8l if such are employed, as shown in Fig. 6, or upon the upperend of the hammer body if no added weight secs tions are used. The clipis provided on its upper side with a pair of eyes 86 to which the lowerend of the outer stretch of the hoisting chain is connected by means ofa horizontal bolt 8'?. A. yielding connection between this plate and thehammer body and sections is preferably effected by a plurality ofupright bolts 8S arranged in corresponding openings in the body andsupplemental sections of the hammer and bearing with their heads againstthe top of the clip, and springs 89 surrounding the lower ends of thesebolts within recesses or pockets 90 in the inner and outer sides of thehammer body and bearing with their upper ends against the tops of theserecesses while their lower ends bear against screw nuts 91 arranged atthe lower ends of these coupling` bolts, as best shown in Figs. 5 andl5. ,i sudden upward pull of the hoisting chain on the hammer is by thismeans cushioned and the wear and tear on the machine as well as thenoise which would otherwise 'be produced, is thereby minimized.

T he means for guiding the hammer in its vertical movements and themeans for li fting the same and controlling its operation are mounted onan upward extension 92 of the main frame which arranged on the front endthereof and preferably has the form of a tower or derrick andconstructed of suitable struct ral steel of skeleton form Similar tothat of the main frame. The hammer is guided on the right hand part ofthis tower, the overheat guide pulley 83 is mounted on the top of thistower above the hammer, and the hoisting drum 84 is mounted on ahoisting shaft 93 journaled horizontally and lengthwise in suitablebearings on the tower about midway of its height.

The means for guiding the hammer in its working movement comprise twoupright guide rails or tracks 95, 95, which are preferably of T-shapedform in cross section and which have inwardly-projecting flangesarranged vertically and engaging with upright notches or grooves 96 inthe front and rear sides of the hammer body and its added weightsections, as best shown in Figs. l, 5, 6 and 7.

lt has been found in practice that if the guide rails are rigidlymounted on the main frame of the machine, that the latter is jarred orshaken unduly when the knife is driven into the asphalt by the hammer,this being due to the irregularity of the surface of the pavement, thevariation in its texture and also the wedge action of the cutting edgeof the knife which operates to force the same laterally as it enters theasphalt. To obviate this objection, the rails are so mounted that thelower ends of the same are capable of moving laterally relatively to themain frame and thereby adapt themselves to any laterally changingposition of the knife and hammer as the asphalt is being cut. This ispreferably effected by pivotally mounting the upper ends of the hammertracks or guide rails by means of horizontal longitudinal pivots 97 onthe upper part of the right hand side of the tower so that the lowerends of these guide rails can swing in a vertical plane transversely ofthe machine, this movement of the rails being, however, yieldinglyresisted by a tension device which normally holds these rails in avertical position. In its preferred form this tension device comprisestwo horizontal tension rods 98 arranged transversely on opposite sidesof the hammer and connected at their outer ends with the lower ends ofthe guide rails while their inner ends pass through openings in anintermediate member 99 of the main frame which member forms an abutment,and two buffer springs 100, 101, applied one to each of the tension rodsand bearing with their opposing ends against opposite sides of theabutment 99 while their opposite extremities engage with shoulders 102,103 on the respective tension rod, as shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 10. rlhebuffer springs 100, 101, are sufficiently stiff to hold the guide railsnormally in an upright position so as to properly guide the hammer inits vertical movement, but if the hammer tends to move laterally in onedirection or the other as the knife strikes the ground or the pavement,these springs yield the requisite extent in either direction to permitof such lateral movement of the hammer and thereby relieve the remainingparts of the machine of shock and enabling the machine to be operatedmore efhciently.

Although various means may be employed for alternately connecting thehoisting drum with and disconnecting the same from the driving mechanismfor lifting the hammer and then permitting the same to drop, the meanswhich are shown in the drawings are preferred and constructed asfollows:

The shaft 93 upon which the hoisting drum is mounted turns continuouslyin the direction in which the drum turns for winding the hoisting chainthereon when the machine is in operation, this beingA preferablyaccomplished by means of a chain belt 104 passingwith its lower turnaround a driving sprocket pinion 105 mounted on the engine shaft 13while its upper turn passes around a driven sprocket wheel 106 securedto the hoisting shaft 93, as best" shown in Figs. 2, l, 6 and 7. On itsfront side the driven sprocket wheel 106 is provided with a clutch disk107 to which is detachably secured an annular clutch shoe 108 oftapering form in section and adapted to engage with acorrespondingly-shaped groove 109 in a clutch disk 110 formed on thehoisting drum. The latter is movable lengthwise together with its clutchdisk on the hoisting shaft for the purpose of engaging and disengagingthe cooperating groove and shoe of the clutch disks 107, 110. lNhenmoving the hoisting drum and clutch disk 110 toward the shoe 108, theseparts are coupled and vice versa.

Means are provided whereby when the hammereHects the last part of itsdownward stroke an automatic coupling of the hoisting drum with thehoisting shaft is effected so that the lifting of the hammer commencesimmediately after the knife has been driven into the asphalt and whenthe hammer reaches its highest position, the hoisting clutch isautomatically disengaged from the hoisting shaft so as to permit thehammer to again drop by gravity and drive the knife with a powerful blowinto the surface of the asphalt pavement below. ln its preferred formthis automatic coupling and uncoupling mechanism comprises the followingelements:

111 represents a hammer-actuated cam sleeve which is rotatably mountedon the hoisting shaft 104: in kfront of the hoisting vdrinn and providedat its rear end with a straight face which engages through the medium ofan interposed thrust bearing 112 with the front end of the hub of thehoisting drum, while its front end is provided with a cam face 113 whichengages with a corresponding cam face 114 formed on a sleeve or collar115 mounted on the hoisting shaft between the cam sleeve 111 and thefront bearing of the hoisting shaft, as best shown in Fig. 7. 116represents an upright shipper rod or bar which is arranged between thefront side of the hammer and the adjacent part of the main frame andconnected by means of a link 117 with a laterally-projecting arm 118 onthe camsleeve 111, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 12. When thisshipper bar is free, the same drops to a limited extent and its weightcauses the cam sleeve 111 to be turned so as to produce a wedging effectagainst the collar or sleeve 115, whereby'the hoisting drum and theclutch disk 110 are moved rearwardly sufliciently to cause the groove ofthis clutch disk to be gripped by the annular shoe 10S of the clutchdisk 107 on the driven sprocket wheel. rlhe hoisting drum is coupledwith the hoisting shaft and the hammer is lifted by winding the hoistingchain on the hoisting drum. When the hammer has nearly reached itshighest position, its upper side engages with a tappet 119 secured tothe upper part of the shipper bar 116 and projecting into the path ofthe hammer. During this last part of the upward movement of the hammer,while in engagement withthis tappet the shipper bar is liftedsufficiently to turn the cam sleeve 111 so that its cam face ridesbackwardly on the corresponding face of the sleeve 115 and therebyreleases the pressure of the disk 110 against the clutch shoes 108 ofthe hoisting cap, whereby an automatic disconnection of the hoistingdrum and hoisting shaft is effected and the hammer is released andpermitted to drop so as to eX- pend the full force of its weight fordriving the knife into the surface of the asphalt. 1n order to preventthe lclutch surfaces 10S, 109 from again rengaging each other until thehammer reaches the lower part of its stroke, means are provided whichoperate to hold the shipper bar 116 in its elevated position during thistime, which means, as shown in Figs. 5 and 8, preferably comprise ablock 120 arranged on the lower part of the rear side of the shipper barand having a downwardly-facing shoulder 121 adaptedA to engage over anabutment or upwardlyfacing shoulder 122 on the adjacent part of the mainframe, and a pressing device which operates to yieldingly move the lowerpart of this shipper bar rearwardly toward this abutment 122 andpreferably consisting of a vertically-swinging presser lever 123 pivotedon the lower part ofthe main frame and having its rear arm engaging withthe front side of this shipper bar while its fron' arm is connected bymeans of a spring 124 with the main frame. As this shipper bar is liftedby engagement of the hammer during the last part of its upward strokeagainst the tappet 119, the inclined upper side 125 of the block 120engages with the abutment 122 of the main fra-me and deects this shipperbar forwardly until the down-- wardly-facing shoulder 121 of the blockon the same passes above the shoulder 122 of the main frame after whichthis shipper bar is moved rearwardly by means of the spring-pressedlever 123 so that the shoulder 121 of this shipper bar overhangs theshoulder 122 of the main frame, as shown in Fig. 8. `When now the hammerdrops by reason of the uncoupling of the lifting mechanism from thedriving mechanism and the hammer moves away from the underside of thetappet 119, this shipper bar remains in its elevated position andretains the hoist-- ing drum uncoupled from the hoisting shaft so thatthe chain is free to turn the hoisting drum backwardly and unwindtherefrom as the hammer descends.

During the last part of the downward movement of the hammer, the sameoperates to move this shipper bar laterally in opposition to thepressure lever 123 so as to disengage the downwardly-facing shoulder 121of this shipper bar from the shoulder 122 of the main frame and permitthis bar to drop and again automatically couple the hoisting drum withthe hoisting shaft for lifting the hammer preparatory to beginninganother cycle of operations. This automatic disengagement of the shipperbar from the main frame through the medium of the hammer is preferablyeffected by means of a trigger having an upper inclined arm 126 adaptedto be arranged in the lower part of the path of the hammer and pivotedat its upper end on the main frame so as to swing above the shoulder 122of the main frame and provided with a finger 127 which projectsforwardly from its lower end and is adapted to engage with the rear sideof the shipper bar 116. vAssuming that the hammer has been raised to itshighest position, the shipper bar in that case will be elevated and itslocking block 120 will be engaged with the upper side of the shoulder122 on the main frame and the finger of the trigger will engage the rearside of the locking block, as shown in Fig. 8, thereby holding theclutch members 107, 110, in an unceupled position relatively to eachother and permitting the hammer to drop. During the last part of thedownward movement of the hammer the front side of the same engages withthe inclined arm of the trigger and pushes the same forwardly, wherebythe finger of the same engages with the locking block 120 and pushes thelatter forwardly off the shoulder 122 of the main frame and permits theshipper bar 116 to drop, as shown in Fig. 5, thereby coupling the hammerhoisting mechanism with the engine. l

By this means the hammer is successively raised and then permitted todrop without requiring any manipulation on the part of the operator andduring this time the attendant also steers the carriage in its forwardor backward movement, as the cutting of the asphalt progresses.

1n order to permit of taking up the wear between the coperating surfacesof the clutch disk 110 and the clutch shoes 108, the cam sleeve orcollar 115 is capable of rotatable adjustment, for which purpose thesame is provided with a laterally-projecting arm 12S the outer end ofwhich is adj ustably connected with the adjacent part of the main frameby means of an upright adjusting bar 129 pivoted at its upper end to therear end of the adj usting arm 128 while its loweil end is provided witha clamping bolt 130 passing through a vertical slot 131 in the adjacentpart of the main frame. By loosening the clamping bolt 130 and shiftingthe same in the slot 131, the cam face on the sleeve 115 can be soadjusted that the proper grip is produced between the clutch members108, 110, for coupling the hoisting drum and hoisting shaft, and thenthe adjusting cam sleeve 115 may be retained in this position bytightening thel clamping bolt 130.

When the machine is not in use and while being transported from place toplace while its cutter mechanism is not working, the hammer is locked inits elevated position so that the knife is held out of contact with thesurface of the pavement or the ground. The means for holding the hammerin its elevated position are best shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 3, 9 and11 and are constructed as follows:

132 represents an upright shipper rod or bar arranged between the rearguide i'ail 95 and the adjacent part of the main frame and adapted to beeither locked in its elevated position or permitted to drop into alowered or depressed position. The lock whereby this shipper bar is heldin its elevated position may be variously constructed, but in itspreferred form, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5, 7 and 9, the same comprises aU- shaped bracket 133 secured to this shipper bar about midway of itsheight and enibracing the adjacent upright member or post 134 of themain frame, a catch 135 pivoted to the. rear part of this bracket so asto swing horizontally and passing with its frontpart through ahorizontal slot 136 in the front part of this bracket, and a hook orshoulder 137 arranged oii the rear side of the frame post 134 andadapted to coperate with the catch 135. As shown in Figs. 5 and 9, theshipper bar 132 is elevated and locked in this position by engagement ofthe catch 135 with the shoulder or hook 137 on the main frame. lf it isdesired to release the shipper bar and permit the same to drop, thecatch together with the bracket and the shipper bar 132 are elevated byhand sufficiently to raise the catch above the lip of the hook and thenthe catch is moved outwardly sufficiently to clear the lip of this hook,as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 9, after which this shipper bar is freeto drop into its lowermost position. This vertical movement of thisshipper bar is utilized to operate a clamping device whereby thehoisting drum and its companion clutch member are held against turning.This clamping device in its preferred form comprises a clamping band 138which encircles a clamping drum 139 on the disk 110 so that upontighting this band the hoisting; drum will be held against turning whileupon loosening the same the hoisting drum will be free to turn. Thetightening' and loosening of this band is effected by means whichcomprise a rock shaft 140 journaled lengthwise in suitable bearings inthe upper part of the main frame and provided with a rock arm 141 whichis connected with the free'end of the clamping band, the other fixed endof this band being secured to a relatively stationary part of themachine, for instance, by securing the fiXed end of the band around therock shaft 140. Motion is transmitted from the shipper bar 132 to thisrock shaft by means of a rock lever 142 secured at one end to the rockshaft 140 and a link 143 connecting the opposite end of this rock leverwith the central part of the shipper bar 132. as best shown in Figs. 1,4, 5 and 11. vWhen this shipper bar is permitted to drop, its weightcauses the rock shaft 140 to be turned in the direction for tighteningthe clamping band on the clamping drum, while upon raising this bar therock shaft will be turned in the direction for releasing the clampingband from the clamping drum and thereby permit the hoisting Idrum toturn freely in either direction.

It is desirable to `provide means whereby the shipper bar 132 may bedropped at any time during a cycle of operations of the niachine, but toprevent holding the hoisting drum against rotation until the hammer hasbeen elevated into its highest position, and to accomplish thisautomatically so that no 'further attention is required on the part ofthe operator. rlhe preferred means for effecting this result are shownin Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 8 and are constructed as follows:

144, 145 represent two sections of a locking or controlling plate whichare capable of moving horizontally and lengthwise in guideways on theupper' part of the tower of the main frame and connected with each otherby means of an intermediate plate section 146 so that they move inunison and iii effect form one plate. The front plate section 144 isprovided with an opening 147 in which the upper end of the front shipperbar 116 is arranged and the rear section 145 of this plate is providedwith aii opening 148 which receives the upper end of the rear shipperbar 132. On its front side the front shipper bar 116 is providedadjacent to its upper end with a front shifting block 149 having aninclined upper side 150 and an inclined lower side 151. r1`he rearshipper rod is also provided on its front side adjacent to its upper endwith a rear shifting block 152 having an inclined upper side 153 and adownwardly-facing abrupt lower side 154 and on its rear side at a pointbelow the rear shifting block 152 the rear shipper bar is provided witha double-cam block 155 having a rounded or cam-shaped surface.

1f the operator removes the catch 35 of the rear shipper bar from themain frame while the hammer. is iii its lower position,

this bar will be prevented from dropping sufficiently to cause thehoisting drum to be held against turning bythe clamping band and drum,because at this time the two sections of the locking plate are movedreariio` Wardly by engagement of the cam block 155 with the rear end ofthe opening 1418 during tl. e iirst part of the downward movement of there r shipper bar, .vhereby the lower or abrupt face of the rear shiftingblock 152 on the rear shipper bar will engage With the upper side of theplate section 14l5 in front of its opening 1-13, and thereby hold therear shipper bar in a sufficiently elevated position to prevent theclamping band 138 from gripping the clamping drum 139. As the hammerduring the last part of its -upivard movement lifts the front shipperbar 116, the inclined up 3er side of the shifting block 1&9 on this barengages with the front end of the opening 14'? in the plate section 14eand shifts the plate sections 11i/1, 141-5, 146, forwardly, therebyreleasing the rear plate section from the underside or the abrupt faceof the shifting block 152 of the rear shipper bar and permitting thelatter to drop to its full extent, as shown in Fig. 8, so that theclamping band 138 and clampingdrum 139 become effective and hold thehoisting drum against turning when the hammer is in its elevatedposition.

W hen it is desired to again put the cutter mechanism in Workingcondition, the operator raises the rear shipper bar 132 and then locksthe same in this position by engaging the catch 135 with the shoulder137 on the frame, whereby the clamping band 138 and drum 139 aredisengaged and the hoisting drum is free to turn for operating thehammer. During this upward movement of the rear shipper rod its uppershifting bloclr 152 by engaging the front end of the opening 148 movesthe locking plate sections forvardly and immediately 'thereafter the camblock 155 engages with the rear end of this opening 1&8 and shifts thelocking plate backwardly into the path of the abrupt lower shoulder onthe shifting blocl: 152, as shown in Fig. 5. During the next followingupward stroke of the hammer and the corresponding movement of the frontshipper bar the inclined upper side of the front shifting block 1-/19engages with the front end of the opening 147 and moves the lochingplate forwardly so that the rear section of the same clears the path ofthe shifting block 152 but stands in the path of the cam bloei; 155,thereby restoring the parts to their normal positions which tiey occupywhen the Cutter mechanism in operation.

ln order to prevent the shipper bars from descending too far and holdthe same in their elevated position, particularly when" assembling themachine, the upper ends of both these bars are provided With stop pins156 which are adapted to engage with the upper sides of the controllingplates 144 and 145.

T his machine is very compact in construction, it can be very easily andquickly conshaft journaled on said carriage, a prime mover mounted onsaid carriage and operatively connected with said shaft shaft, ahoisting drum mounted on said shaft, a hoisting` line connecting saiddrum with said hammer, a clutch adapted to connect and disconnect saidhoisting drum and shaft, means coupling and uncoupling said clutch bymotion derived from said hammer, comprising a vertically movable shipperbar provided with a tappet adapted to be engaged by said hammer duringthe last part of its upward movement for raising said shipper bar andalso provided with a shoulder adapted in its elevated position to engagea shoulder on said carriage and hold said bar in its elevated position,a trigger mounted on the carriage in position to be engaged bythe hammerduring the last part of its downward stroke and adapted to shift saidbar for disengaging its shoulder from that of the carriage, and meansfor transmitting the motion of said bar to said clutch.

2. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage provided with an uprightguidevvay, a hammer slidable vertically on said guide- -.,vay andprovided with a knife, a hoisting shaft journaled on said carriage,prime mover mounted on said carriage and operatively connected with saidshaft, a hoisting drum mounted on said shaft, a hoisting line connectingsaid drum with said hammer, a clutch adapted to connect and disconnectsaid hoisting drum and shaft, means couplino and uncoupling said clutchby motion derived from said hammer, comprising a vertically movableshipper bar provided With a tappet adapted to be engaged by said hammerduring the last part of its upward movement for raising said shipper barand also provided with a shoulder adapted in its elevated position toengage a shoulder on said carriage and hold said bar in its elevatedposition, a trigger mounted on the carriage in position to be engaged bythe hammer during the last part of its downward stroke and adapted toshift said bar for disengaging its shoulder from that of the carriage,means for transmitting the motion of said bar to said clutch, andyielding means for shifting said bar in a direction for holding itsshoulder in engagement with said shoulder on the carriage.

3. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage provided with an uprightguideway, a hammer movable vertically on said guideway and comprising abody having a laterally-facing seat, a clamping plate arranged oppositesaid seat, bolts connecting said plate and hammer, and a knife providedwith a shank which is gripped between said plate and said seat.

4:. An asphalt cutter comprising a rarriage having a frame, an uprighttrack mounted on said frame so as to be capable of lateral movement,means for yieldingly holding said track in its normal position, a hammermovable vertically on said track, and a knife mounted on said hammer.

5. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage having a frame, an uprighttrack pivotally connected at its upper end with said frame and capableof moving laterally at its lower end, a hammer movable vertically onsaid track, and a knife mounted on said hammer.

6. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage having a frame, an uprighttrack. pivotally connected at its upper end with said frame and capableof moving laterally at its lower end, means for yieldingly resistinglateral movement of the lower end of said track, a hammer movablevertically on said track, and a knife mounted on said hammer.

7. An asphalt cutter comprising` a carriage having a frame, an uprighttrack pivotally connected at its upper end with said frame and capableof moving` laterally at its lower end, means for yieldingly resistinglateral movement of the lower end of said track comprising a tension rodconnected with the lower part of said track and passing through a memberof the main frame, and springs mounted on said rod and engaging theiropposing ends with opposite sides of said frame members while theiropposite extremities engage with shoulders cn said rod, a hammer movablevertically on said track, and 'a knife mounted on said hammer.

8. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage, an upright track on saidcarriage, a hammer movable vertically on said track, a knife mounted onsaid hammer, means for moving said hammer vertically, comprising ahoisting drum and line connecting said drum and hammer, means forholding` said hammer in its elevated position comprising a clamping drumconnected with the hoisting drum a clamping band adapted to engage saidclamping drum, a rock shaft provided with a rock arm, one end of saidclamping band being connected with said arm and the other end with arelatively liked part on the carriage, means for rocking said shaftcomprising vertically movable shipper bar, a lever connected with saidrock '1shaft, and a link connecting said bar and ever.

9. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage, an upright track on saidcarriage, a hammer movable vertically on said track, a knife mounted onsaid hammer, means for moving said hammer vertically, comprising ahoisting drum and line connecting said drum and hammer, means forholding said hammer in its elevated position comprising a clamping drumconnected with the hoisting` drum, a clamping band adapted to engagesaid clamping drum, a rock shaft provided with a rock arm, one end ofsaid clamping band being connected with said arm and the other end witha relatively fixed part on the carriage, means for rocking said shaftcomprising a vertically movable shipper bar operatively connected withsaid rock shaft, and a detent device for holding said bar in itselevated position.

10. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage, an upright track on saidcarriage, a hammer movable vertically on said track, a knife mounted onsaid hammer, means for moving said hammer vertically, comprising ahoisting drum and line connecting said drum and hammer, means forholding said hammer in its elevated position comprising a clamping drumconnected with the hoisting` drum, a clamping band adapted to engagesaid clamping drum, a rock shaft provided with a rock arm, one end ofsaid clamping band being connected with said arm and the other end witha relatively fixed part on the carriage, means for rocking said shaftcomprising` a vertically movable shipper bar operatively connected withsaid roel: shaft, and a detent device for holding` said bar in itselevated position and comprising a bracket mounted on said carriage andembracing an adjacent upright member of the carriage, a shoulderarranged on said member, and a horizontally-swinging catch pivoted onone end of said bracket and guided on the other end ofthe same andmovable into and out ot engagement with said shoulder.

ll. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage, an upright track on saidcarriage, a hammer movable vertically on said track, .a knife mounted onsaid hammer, means for elevating said hammer, coupling means controlledby the movement of the hammer for automatically rendering saidelevating` means operative during the last part of the downward movementof said hammer and inoperative during the last part of the upwardmovement of said hammer, and detent means for holchngsaid hammer in itselevated position and operatively related to said coupling means so asto become elfestive only during the last part of the upward movement ofsaid hammer. l

12. An asphalt cutter comprising a carriage, an upright track on saidcarriage, a hammer movable vertically on said track, a

lli

neer/,42e

knife mounted on said hammerD means for elevating` said hammer9 couplingmeans Controlled by the movement of the ha amer for automatically rederingsaid elem means oper fre during` the last part or the downs-,fardmovement of said hammer and inoy era during the last prt of the np- Wa dmovement of said hammer comprising a rertieellj,T ni Vahle Con ngshipper irliieliis adapt to be raised by said haininer duringv the lastpart of ius upward str-olie, detent neans for holding; said li n mer anel Lted position comprising' a rertieally abre detent shipper bar and aeateh for holding said dete shipper bar ire position and oontroll nesaid detest L 11i means i ng the last aait t sa id hamnie i,

or the upward moifeiiie n o1 123, an asphalt cutter eoiriprising aeariiagej an upright tra/lr on carriage, a hammer movable vertically on.said track7 a lriiife mounted on. said hammer, means for elf-mating`said hanrr-i; coupling means een- .enient of the bami-ner for trolledbj; the nio antomatieallf,v rendering said elevating` means opere a* tnelast part of the downward 1, lent of said ha er and ',io eratiifednrinf. the last part of the up- Warr movement or said hammer comprisinga vertically niorable Coupl'ag shipper bar which is adapted te be raisedby said han mer during; the lasL part of its upward stroke7detent'ineans for holding said hanimer in an elevated positioncomprising' a -.'eitieall37 movable detent shipper bar and a catch forholding` said detent shipper bar in its elevated inoperatiif'e position,and controlling means for renderiiig` said detent means operativo onlyduring the last part of the upward oven-lent of said hammer Compris inga horizontally-niovable lockingv plate provided with tiro openings'which reeeive said shipper bars, shi ting bloolrs arranged en theCorresponding; sides of said shipper hars the bloelr on the couplingshipper bar haring an upper inclined face adapted to move saideontrolling` plate 4n one direction and the shi f l l i oloolr on theeetent shipper barliariiipj` an upper inclined face adapted to CritterComprising a Cari, trartion Wheels, a knife mounted on said eariage andmovable to- Ward d from 'the ifaee to be out, a prime sin moi/'erarranged on Lhe Carriage, and two transmission systems for conveyingpower from said prime mover to said traction Wheels, one of said systemsbeing Comparatirely low geared and the other relativelyVY geared.

i asphalt cutter Comprising a eari e t action Wheels5 a knife mounted onsaid Cari ge and inorable to- TYard and from the surface to be out7 aprime mover arranp'ed on the carriage, and transmission systems forconveying power from said prime mover to said traetion Wheels one ofsaid systems being,- comeaiatii'ff'ebT low geared and the otherrelagfeared, eaeh of said transmisiing a clutch Wlierebj7 the same v lneered operative and inoperative, .ne also speerL changing and reversingi6. in asphalt cutter comprising a Carriage provided with tractionWheels, a Yertieallymovable knife mounted on said Carriage and adapt-edto engage the surface to be ontj a prime mover mounted on the earriage7and power transmission means interposed bet-Ween said prime mover andsaid traction Wheels and containing a speed changing.mechanism Whichcomprises a forward clamping drum, a forward clamping engaging' saidforward drum, a rear clamping drum, a rear clamping band ensaid drum,tivo shifting,` rods ea eh capable of longitudinal and rotary inotie-irleach of saie. roes being provided with moi/'able abn entl and each ofsaid clamping` bands haring one of ends engaging the movable abutment onone of said rods While its opposite end engages a relatively7 linedabriement7 springs arranged to spread the ends of they clamping bands7respectir'el'f, means for eausing` said rods to roel; in unison in thesame direction, and means for @arising each of said rods to movelengthwise independentl;T of each other.

17. An asphalt cutter comprising,` a eardruk.

, sally moi, ag'e and c Lpted to engage the surface to e ont., a primemover mounted on the earage, and power trans .ssion means inter- `osedbetween said prime mover and said 'raetion Wheels and containing a speedhanging mechanism which compri. es a fori'ard Clamping driin'n a forwarddamping band engaging said forward drinn, a rear clamping drum, a rearclamping' band ensaid rear drum. two shifting rods eaeh Capable oflongitudinal and rotar?,7 motion, each of said rods being provided witha movable abutment and each of said Clamping bands haifii o' one of itsends engaging Ythe enable abnrinent on one of said rods While itsopposite end engages a relativelj..Y lined abutment. springs arranged tospread the ends of the clamping bands, respectively, means for causingsaid lods to rook in unison in the saine direction Comprising a rooklever, rook arms alianged 0n said rods and links connecting said level'and allns, and means for causing said rods to move lengthwiseindependently Aoi each other coinprising fixed cams arranged on thecarriage and rotatable Cams mounted on said rods and engaging the fixedGains, the coperating faces of one pair 0I Canis being arrangedl'eveisely to the copei'ating faces of the other pail' of Gains.

FRANK V. E. BARDQL.

